Optimized Watermarking Using Swarm-Based Bacterial Foraging
Hsiang-Cheh Huang, Yueh-Hong Chen, Ajith Abraham · 2010
Abstract. Digital watermarking has been a popular topic in both scientific research and applications in the last decade. Based on previous experiences for the development of watermarking algorithm in literature, there are lots of requirements that need to be considered based on the purpose for applications. Therefore, how to assess the effectiveness of the algorithm should be based on the preset requirements. Here we use a recent optimization technique, named bacterial foraging, to search for the tradeoff among requirements, and we employ the concept in fuzzy theory to design an effective fitness function with the pre-determined requirements. Unlike conventional scheme to fix the components in the fitness function, by using the fuzzy concept in conjunction with swarm intelligence, better results could be obtained. Simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed algorithm over existing ones in the literature.