Implementing one-photon three-qubit quantum gates using spatial light modulators
Ayman F. Abouraddy, Giovanni Di Giuseppe, Timothy M. Yarnall, Malvin Carl Teich, Bahaa E. A. Saleh · Physical Review A · 2012
Increasing the information-carrying capacity of a single photon may be achieved by utilizing multiple degrees of freedom. We describe here an approach that utilizes two degrees of freedom to encode three qubits per photon: one in polarization and two in the spatial-parity symmetry of the transverse field. In this conception, a polarization-sensitive spatial light modulator corresponds to a three-qubit controlled-unitary gate with one control qubit (polarization) and two target (spatial-parity-symmetry) qubits. We describe the construction of controlled-not (cnot), $\sqrt[n]{cnot}$, controlled-phase, and Fredkin gates, and the preparation of one-photon, three-qubit Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) and $W$ states. This approach enables simple optical implementations of few-qubit tasks in quantum information processing.