A WEIGHT BASED SYNCHRONIZATION DETECTION FOR WORMHOLE ATTACK USING PERIODIC UPDATES FRAMEWORK
I C. Sudha, D. V. Rajkumar · 2014
One type of major attacks to neighbor discovery is wormhole attack, in which malicious node(s) relay packets for two legislate nodes to fool them believing that they are direct neighbors. It seems a merit that this kind of attack can enlarge the communication ranges, however, since it causes unauthorized physical access, selective dropping of packets and even denial of services, the wormhole attack is intrinsically a very serious problem especially in case of emergent information transmission. This thesis proposes a wormhole attack resistant secure neighbor discovery (SND) scheme for directional wireless network. In specific, the proposed SND scheme consists of three phases: the network controller (NC) broadcasting phase, the network nodes response/authentication phase and the NC time analysis phase. In the broadcasting phase and the response/authentication phase, local time information and antenna direction information are elegantly exchanged with signature-based authentication techniques between the NC and the legislate network nodes, which can prevent most of the wormhole attacks. To solve the transmission collision problem in the response/authentication phase, we also introduce a novel random delay multiple access (RDMA) protocol to divide the RA phase into M periods, within which the unsuccessfully transmitting nodes randomly select a time slot to transmit. The optimal parameter setting of the RDMA protocol and the optional strategies of the NC are included. In addition thesis proposes the concepts using Substance and Existence Multicast Protocol (SEMP) using the Optimism Max Out algorithms (OPMA) and Randomized Optimism Max Out algorithms (ROPMA) algorithms which nodes use to send updates to their neighbors.