An Image Watermarking Method Based on Bidimensional Empirical Mode Decomposition gggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggggg
Jalil Taghia, Mohammad Ali Doostari, Jalal Taghia · 2008
In this paper, we propose a blind image watermarking scheme based on bidimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD). BEMD is a possible 2D extension of empirical mode decomposition (EMD). We employ BEMD in watermark embedding and watermark extraction. In watermark embedding scheme at first, the original image is divided into K sub-images then in order to obtain a set of 2D-IMFs BEMD is applied to each subimage and watermark. For watermark embedding each 2D-IMF, which is extracted from watermark, is placed instead of one of the 2D-IMFs which are extracted from each sub-image in a special procedure. On the other hand the proposed method in watermark extraction is based on BEMD and clustering method with metric, local linear structure and affine symmetry to extract watermark blindly. We perform two classes of tests in our experiments: First, we measure imperceptibility of watermark and then we examine the performance against different kinds of attacks.