Impedance Characteristics ofConcentric Circular Ring Electrode forMonitoring ofElectrical Activity oftheHeart
Kang-Hwi Lee, Jeong‐Whan Lee, WooChul Jung, Kyeong-Seop Kim, Jae‐Hoon Jun, Dongjun Kim · 2006
Inorder tomonitor electrical activity oftheheart during daily life, wepresent anelectrode whichis composed ofconcentric circles. Itwasmadefromthebasis oftheLaplacian equation andimplemented onPCBcoated withgold. Sothat itdoesnotcause theuncomfortable feeling ofcontact andpossible skin troubles whicharetypical shortcoming oftheconventional ECG measurement. Theprovided method utilized three concentric circles onFR-4 substrate, sonewamplifier regarding measuring ofsmall biological signal isconsidered which hasthecharacteristics of asymmetric input impedance since areofconcentric circular ring electrode isnotidentical. Thereby electrical activity of theheart wasobtained successfully. However, itssignal quality isalittle bitdegraded andthemotion artifact still remains asamajorproblems asisinconvention measurement. Certainly stable measurement setup wasneeded to reduce themotion artifact originated fromvariaiton instatic electricity between skin andelectrode interface. Until now,tothis end, conventionally, inorder to susceptible to60-Hzelectromagnetic interference from observe therhythmoftheheart, bodysurface thepowerline indaily life. Inthis paper, weproposed electrocardiography (EGG)recording intriangulartripolar concentric ringelectrode whichhave electrode configuration developed byBinthoven in asymmetrical impedance characteristics considering 1902was generally used.Butthisconventionalfactor affecting thequality oftherecorded electrical method isnotadequate fordaily life monitoring. The activity of theheart, theskin-electrode-amplifier primary desiring effect ofskinpreparation andthe interfaces. useofelectrolytic paste withconventional electrode Theapplication ofthebodysurface Laplacian istominimize andstabilize theskintoelectrodepotential mapping wasusedtoanalyze EEG signals impedance withrespect totheinput impedance of (4-5). Themaingoal ofLaplacian potential mapping is preamplifier. Thus,inthispaper, we practically toobtain thetopological estimation ofdipole origins investigated thecharacteristics oftheproposed fromobserved surface potential differences between electrode regarding theskin tometal (gold) electrodevarious electrodes placed onsubject's surface, suchas impedance Alsowe describe thedevelopment ofa chest. Atalocal orthogonal coordinates system (x,y,z), preamplifier intended foruse theproposed theLaplacian ECGcould berepresented asfollows: pasteless-electrode andtherelatively high skinto