Performance analysis of distributed virtual environments
Michael Kwok · 2006
I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this thesis. This is a true copy of the thesis, including any required final revisions, as accepted by my examiners. I understand that my thesis may be made electronically available to the public. ii A distributed virtual environment (DVE) is a shared virtual environment where multiple users at their workstations interact with each other. Some of these systems may support a large number of users, e.g., massive multi-player online games, and these users may be geographically distributed. An important performance measure in a DVE system is the delay for an update of a user’s state (e.g., his position in the virtual environment) to arrive at the workstations of those users who are affected by the update. This update delay often has a stringent requirement (e.g., less than 100 ms) in order to ensure interactivity among users. In designing a DVE system, an important issue is how well the system scales as the number of users increases. In terms of scalability, a promising system archi-