Energy Reduction in Wireless Sensor Networks by Switching Nodes to Sleep During Packet Forwarding
Anne-Lena Kampen, Knut Øvsthus, Lars Landmark, Øivind Kure · 2012
Energy consumption determines the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks, WSN. In current radio chip sets the energy consumption for receiving a packet is of the same order as transmitting a packet. In such a setting, the transmission range and sleep strategies should be reevaluated. We present a simple extension to the MAC protocol that reduce the waste of energy for processing packets not addressed to a node by letting them sleep during transmission. The nodes enter sleep mode by means of a Transmission Announcement packet, TAN, sent by the transmitter. The performance is evaluated through simulation. Based on a simplified model, we show that the optimal transmission range in such a setting is given by the minimum needed to avoid partitioning. We use data sheet values from three different WSN Transceiver modules to derive parameter values to be used in the model. The model and related analysis concentrates on the energy consumption in transmitting and receiving, since the radio is the main contributor to energy consumption in WSN. We show that it is the energy consumption in receiving that is the main contributor to total energy consumption in WSN. Keywords-WSN; Energy Consumption; Sleep control; Optimal transmission range