On estimating the instantaneous frequency of a Gaussian random signal by use of the Wigner-Ville distribution
Langford White, B. Boashash · IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · 1988
The form of the one-dimensional probability distribution function for the Wigner-Ville, or evolutive spectrum, and the instantaneous frequency of a Gaussian random process is derived by use of an orthogonal decomposition of the process covariance matrix. No narrowband assumptions are made. Natural estimators for the evolution spectrum and the instantaneous frequency are defined, and the form of the distribution functions is derived. The properties of these estimators are examined with particular reference to the effects of windowing operations used in the calculation. The usefulness of the results is indicated, and examples are presented.>