Generalized affine invariant image normalization
Dinggang G. Shen, Horace H. S. Ip · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · 1997
We provide a generalized image normalization technique which basically solves all problems in image normalization. The orientation of any image can be uniquely defined by at most three non-zero generalized complex moments. The correctness of our method is demonstrated theoretically as well as in practice by applying them to a number of "degenerate" images which have failed other previously reported techniques for image normalization.