Exploiting Emergence in On-Chip Interconnects
Simon Hollis, Chris J. Jackson, Paul Bogdan, Radu Mărculescu · IEEE Transactions on Computers · 2012
To solve the grand challenges in contemporary chip design, such as process-to-core mapping, energy reduction, and maintenance of programmer/hardware abstraction, we advocate for self-optimizing (emergent) networks-on-chip (NoC). In these networks, topology and information flow adapt dynamically to maximize the network throughput or minimize the network latency via distributed application of microrules. In this paper, we introduce the concept of emergent small-world NoCs and discuss novel design decisions, e.g., Skip-links, that improve performance and reduce energy consumption of multicore systems. More precisely, we demonstrate that our proposed solution is able to adapt to a wide range of traffic patterns and provide reductions in data hop count of up to 20 percent while maintaining energy and area costs. We show how emergent networks can be useful for on-chip processor-to-processor communications, and also demonstrate how SoC and off-chip I/O traffic may be optimized for latency and critical load.