Exploring Content Features for Automated Speech Scoring
Shasha Xie, Keelan Evanini, Klaus Zechner · 2012
Most previous research on automated speech scoring has focused on restricted, predictable speech. For automated scoring of unrestrict-ed spontaneous speech, speech proficiency has been evaluated primarily on aspects of pro-nunciation, fluency, vocabulary and language usage but not on aspects of content and topi-cality. In this paper, we explore features repre-senting the accuracy of the content of a spoken response. Content features are generated us-ing three similarity measures, including a lex-ical matching method (Vector Space Model) and two semantic similarity measures (Latent Semantic Analysis and Pointwise Mutual In-formation). All of the features exhibit moder-ately high correlations with human proficien-cy scores on human speech transcriptions. The correlations decrease somewhat due to recog-nition errors when evaluated on the output of an automatic speech recognition system; how-ever, the additional use of word confidence s-cores can achieve correlations at a similar lev-el as for human transcriptions. 1