k‐strong privacy for radio frequency identification authentication protocols based on physically unclonable functions
Süleyman Kardaş, Serkan Çelık, Muhammed Ali Bingöl, Mehmet Sabır Kiraz, Hüseyin Demirci, Albert William Levi · Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing · 2014
Abstract This paper examines Vaudenay's privacy model, which is one of the first and most complete privacy models that featured the notion of different privacy classes. We enhance this model by introducing two new generic adversary classes,k‐strong andk‐forward adversaries where the adversary is allowed to corrupt a tag at mostktimes. Moreover, we introduce an extended privacy definition that also covers all privacy classes of Vaudenay's model. In order to achieve highest privacy level, we study low cost primitives such as physically unclonable functions (PUFs). The common assumption of PUFs is that their physical structure is destroyed once tampered. This is an ideal assumption because the tamper resistance depends on the ability of the attacker and the quality of the PUF circuits. In this paper, we have weakened this assumption by introducing a new definitionk‐resistant PUFs.k‐PUFs are tamper resistant against at mostkattacks; that is, their physical structure remains still functional and correct until at mostkthphysical attack. Furthermore, we prove that strong privacy can be achieved without public‐key cryptography usingkPUF‐based authentication. We finally prove that our extended proposal achieves both reader authentication andk‐strong privacy. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.