A sufficient condition of nonergodicity of a Markov chain (Corresp.)
M. Kaplan · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · 1979
A natural and easily verifiable sufficient condition is given for the nonergodicity of a Markov chain. The result provides a converse to a theorem of Pakes and implies as special cases several recently published sufficient conditions for the instability of various forms of slotted ALOHA systems with Markovian retransmissions.