A dynamic data structure for approximate range searching
David M. Mount, Eunhui Park · 2010
In this paper, we introduce a simple, randomized dynamic data structure for storing multidimensional point sets, called a quadtreap. This data structure is a randomized, balanced variant of a quadtree data structure. In particular, it defines a hierarchical decomposition of space into cells, which are based on hyperrectangles of bounded aspect ratio, each of constant combinatorial complexity. It can be viewed as a multidimensional generalization of the treap data structure of Seidel and Aragon. When inserted, points are assigned random priorities, and the tree is restructured through rotations as if the points had been inserted in priority order.