Error exponents for one-bit watermarking
Shipeng Li, Pierre Moulin · 2003 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2003. Proceedings. (ICASSP '03). · 2003
Quantization index modulation (QIM) is a powerful host-interference rejecting method for data hiding. The paper applies QIM to one-bit watermarking and proposes a simple but powerful watermark detector. We derive lower bounds on the error exponents for the detector under a quadratic distortion constraint for the watermarker and additive white Gaussian noise attacks. These bounds are independent of the host-signal distribution and are substantially better than recently derived bounds for public (blind) spread-spectrum watermarking.