Fragile watermarking scheme using a simple genetic algorithm
Sang-Kwang Lee, Yo‐Sung Ho · 2002
In this paper, we propose a fragile watermarking scheme using a simple genetic algorithm. In order to check whether the received image maintains the same attributes as the original image, we exploit block edge characteristics of the image. We use the edge information as a fitness measure in the simple genetic algorithm for message coding. New strings are shuffled randomly and then inserted into the least significant bits of the original image. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed watermark extraction algorithm can detect any modifications of the original image.