Off-line Karma: A Decentralized Currency for Static Peer-to-peer and Grid Networks
Flavio D. Garcia, Jaap-Henk Hoepman · 2005
Peer-to-peer (P2P) and grid systems allow their users to exchange information and share resources in a uniform and reliable manner. In an ideal world, users make roughly as much resources available as they use. In reality, this is not always the case, and some kind of currency or barter (called karma) is needed that can be exchanged for resources to limit abuse. Previous proposals for such systems have not taken the decentralised and non-hierarchical nature of P2P and grid systems into account.