Evolving video skims into useful multimedia abstractions
Michael G. Christel, Michael Anthony Smith, Colin Taylor, David B. Winkler · 1998
This paper reports two studies that measured the effects of ,different "video skim" techniques on comprehension, navigation, and user satisfaction.Video skims are compact, ,content-rich abstractions of longer videos, condensations that preserve frame rate while greatly reducing viewing time.Their characteristics depend on the image-and audioprocessing techniques used to create them.Results from the initial study helped refine video skims, which were then reassessed in the second experiment.Significant benefits were found for skims built from audio sequences meeting certain criteria.Keyworck Video abstraction, evaluation, digital video library, video browsing, video skim, empirical studies, multimedia ?NTRQDUCTiQN With increasing computational power and storage capacity, the potential for large digital video libraries is growing rapidly-The World Wide Web has seen an increased use of digital video, and digital video remains a key component of many educational and entertainment applications.As the size of accessible video collections grows to thousands of hours, potential viewers will need abstractions and technology to help them browse effectively and efficiently through this new wealth of information.A multimedia abstraction ideally preserves and communicates in a compact representation the essential content of a source video.Examples include brief titles and individual "thumbnail" images that, when selected appropriately, facilitate operations on the corresponding source 131.Another common approach presents an ordered set of representative thumbnail images simultaneously on a computer screen [3,5, 6,9,11,15,17, IS].Wbile these abstractions have proven useful in various contexts, their static nature ignores video's temporal dimension.In addition, they often concentrate exclusively on the image content and neglect de audio information carried in a video Pemkion to make digitaLbard copies ofall or pro% of this material for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that the copies are not made or diswiiuted for proM or commercial advantage, the copyright notice, the title of tile publication and ils date appear, and notice is given that copyright is by pcmksion of the ACh4.