Urban/suburban out-of-sight propagation modeling
Vinko Erceg, Saeed S. Ghassemzadeh, M. Taylor, Dingshan Li, Donald L. Schilling · IEEE Communications Magazine · 1992
A model for the calculation of the path loss characteristics of a direct sequence (DS) spread spectrum signal which occurs when a mobile user is out-of-sight of the base station due to building blockage is presented. The environments studied are common throughout the world. Results for the experiments in which a base station antenna was set at heights of 6.6 m or 3.3 m, while the mobile antenna was fixed at a height of 1.5 m are presented. The goal of the experiments was to demonstrate the use of broadband DS spread spectrum code-division multiple-access (CDMA) as an efficient means of communication.>