An explicit estimate of time delay between two signals, with an unknown relative phase shift
D. Hertz, J. Reiss · IEEE Transactions on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing · 1982
This correspondence presents an explicit method for evaluating the time delay between two signals with a random relative phase shift. The analysis applies for Gaussian narrow-band signals. The method is derived from the ML estimator [1], but is much faster than the ML estimator since a search for a maximum is replaced by an explicit formula.