The implementation of clean production and the use of neural networks in forecasting waste management
Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Cătălin Lupu, Nicolae Morariu · 2008
In this article we present: ??? The implementation of clean which means production based on careful evaluation of product since its design phase to ensure that both product and processes related to it at all stages of its life cycle (ranging extraction of raw materials, manufacturing, packaging, consumer / use, waste collection and treatment) promotes interests of community, in particular as regards environment. Clean production has four main elements: - Caution, which involves taking measures insurers even in case of yet unconfirmed suspicions concerning a potential nocivitate to human health or environment; - Prevention, as expression of conscience that is cheaper and more efficient to prevent environmental degradation than to provide remedies; - Democratic participation in decision-making of all stakeholders - An integrated and holistic approach. ??? a new concept taking in consideration sweepings administration and which consist in: 1. employment of neuronal network for predict serial time representing sweepings amount which are collected from population in time. The problems of prediction serial time can be associated with neuronal network call feed-forward. Number of entrances unities are equal than number of emergences unities. The number of emergences unities represents target of prediction. The prediction step before can be realized with an emergences unities network, and prediction with steps before can be associate to a network with K emergences unities. Examples: 1. A model of a neuronal network step before, which use six terms of serial time to predict next term of series (6 neurons at entrance, 15 in hide tier and one in emergence tier, entering = (xt-1, xt-2, xt-3, xt-4, xt-5, xt-6, ), emergence = xt); 2. A model of a neuronal network in to 8 terms of serial time are using for predict next 2 terms; 3. A model of neuronal network in to 6+2(t-1) terms of serial time are using for predict next t terms. ??? employment of a new index BPL for prognosis of sweepings administration consulting of: 1. population (the index of variety of population); 2. the habitat of sanitation services; 3. economic development: ??? economic development with α% / year represents an increase of assimilated sweepings amount emanated from shop keeping (Pce - economic development percent); ??? grows with β% / year of purchase represent an increase of sweepings (Pv - purchase grows percent) 4. amount of sweepings collected from population and economics agents; 5. amount of sweeping from gardens, plaza and streets; 6. amount of mud from service station, from buildings and knockings. For prognosis of sweepings administration development for a certain region and for a certain period of time, are used scripts. For certain period are constituted purposes and aims for short, medium and long time. Each script must have same base which includes historical evolution of generation system of sweepings for a period between 5 and 7 years. Inside of scripts are constituted alternatives. Each alternative describe an integrated system of management of sweepings which includes available and practical operating method of recycle, treatment and elimination of sweepings. The main criterions of selection for best script have to accomplish principles of permanent development: - to have minimal negative effects about environment; - to be permissible in socially; - to be doable in economically.