On the Relationship Between Belief Propagation Decoding and Joint Maximum Likelihood Detection
John MacLaren Walsh, Phillip A. Regalia · IEEE Transactions on Communications · 2010
Belief propagation, via a novel reinterpretation of the Bethe free energy's pseudo-dual, is shown to be related to a novel relaxation of maximum likelihood detection via a constrained optimization. The conventional maximum likelihood detection falls out for a zero constraint, and belief propagation's fixed points are obtained for other constraint values.