Probability propagation and decoding in analog VLSI
Hans‐Andrea Loeliger, Felix Lustenberger, M. Helfenstein, F. Tarkoy · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · 2001
The sum-product algorithm (belief/probability propagation) can be naturally mapped into analog transistor circuits. These circuits enable the construction of analog-VLSI decoders for turbo codes, low-density parity-check codes, and similar codes.