Analysis of the Nagravision Video Scrambling Method
Markus Kühn · 1998
The Kudelski Nagravision pay-TV conditional access system can be practically broken by image processing algorithms that rearrange the lines of a eld based on statistical properties of typical TV images. With some knowledge about the limitations of the scrambling hardware one can reconstruct the scrambled TV image in real-time without knowledge of the cryptographic secret stored in the subscriber smartcard.