Evaluation of robust interframe MPEG video watermarking
Saeed Moradi, Saeed Gazor · 2006
Frame type changing is a very common attack on watermarked video signal. Re-synchronization and making watermark more robust by extending original watermarking algorithm to all inter and intra coded frames are two common methods for surviving this kind of attack. This paper focuses on latter algorithm and stresses the problem of embedding watermark into B-frames in an MPEG video sequence. Moreover, we derive the watermarking capacity of MPEG video frames according to their energy content. Finally, we evaluate the impact of the bit rate allocation strategy and MPEG complexity index on the degradation of video quality in watermarking of B-frames. Our numerical results show that watermarking of B-frames reduces average PSNR of video about 0.4 db that contributes to decrease in video quality and it should be avoided