Normalized adaptive decision directed equalization
Arnold Lee Swindlehurst · IEEE Signal Processing Letters · 1998
It has been observed that with appropriate stepsize normalization, the convergence speed of the constant modulus (CM) algorithm can be dramatically improved. It is shown that if a different normalization strategy is used, one that takes into account the finite alphabet structure of the signals, a standard normalized version of the decision directed equalizer (DDE) is achieved. A simulation example is included to demonstrate the faster convergence of the normalized DDE compared with its constant stepsize implementation and the normalized CM.