Contextual in-situ visualization for port placement in keyhole surgery: Evaluation of three target applications by two surgeons and eighteen medical trainees
Christoph Bichlmeier, Stuart Holdstock, Sandro Michael Heining, Simon Weidert, Ekkehard Euler, Oliver Kutter, Nassir Navab · 2009
Port position in minimally invasive surgeries is chosen to minimize the lesion of tissue and maximize the movability for endoscopic instruments. In this study, we present an evaluation of the potential of a 3D contextual in-situ visualization of the anatomic target region to help surgeons for three different surgical procedures decide where best to create ports and incisions to enable the insertion of a specific set of instruments.