FF: The Fast-Forward Planning System
Jöerg Hoffmann · 2001
Fast-Forward, abbreviated FF, was the most successful automatic planner in the AIPS-2000 planning systems competition. Like the well known HSP system, FF relies on forward search in the state space, guided by a heuristic that estimates goal distances by ignoring delete lists. It differs from HSP in a number of important details. This article describes the algorithmic techniques used in FF in comparison to HSP, and evaluates their benefits in terms of runtime and solution length behavior.