Low-Frequency Electrical Signal Measurement by Electrooptical Methods
Avner Erez · IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement · 1972
An analog system for the optical telemetry of voltage or current information using light-emitting diodes (LED) is described. Errors resulting from variations in the optical coupling efficiency are minimized because the light emitted by the LED contains the signal to be measured superimposed on a fixed intensity beam controlled by a reference zener diode. The nonlinearity of the LED is overcome by using part of its emitted light to control the feedback current to an operational amplifier that supplies the signal to the LED. The prototype system developed has a total error of approximately 0.2 percent of the input signal.