Relative phase for a quantum field interacting with a two-level system
Alfredo Luis, Luis Lorenzo Sánchez-Soto · Physical Review A · 1997
Several quantum descriptions of the relative phase between an atomic dipole and a one-mode electromagnetic field are examined. Positive-operator measures for this variable are derived from dipole and field-phase formalisms. They are analyzed and compared with an operator defined by a polar decomposition. Some examples of time evolution are discussed.