A Logical Analysis of Learning, Conditioning and Related Processes
J. B. S. Haldane · Behaviour · 1954
An attempt is made to enumerate the types of change in behaviour which can arise as the result of an experience (conditioning, learning, etc.). All possible results are special cases of the general case that the response occurs neither before nor after learning in some situations A, after but not before in situations B, before but not after in situations C, and both before and after in situations D. Names have been given to some of these special cases. The same type of .analysis is applied to the comparison of two different groups of animals.