Vector Sensor Antenna Design for VHF Band
Amir Musicant, B. Almog, N. Oxenfeld, Reuven Shavit · IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters · 2015
A very high frequency (VHF) vector sensor antenna (VSA) composed of three small polygon orthogonal loops operating as three orthogonal electric dipoles and three orthogonal magnetic dipoles is designed and implemented. The VSA is used to estimate the angle of arrival (AoA) in azimuth and elevation of an incident electromagnetic (EM) signal by measuring its electric and magnetic field Cartesian components. The S-parameters (simulated and experimental) of the VSA and the AoA estimation results for different scenarios are presented. Furthermore, it is shown that the AoA performance is highly affected by the presence of a conductive platform in close vicinity of the VSA. The Cramer-Rao lower bound is derived for this case using the beam-former mathematical model.