A General Analysis of Errors in Noise Measurement Systems
Lluís Pradell, Adolfo Comerón, A. Ramirez · 1988
General and approximated expressions are presented which allow the identification and quantification of errors in noise figure measurements that use the Y-factor method. This formulation is a generalization of that in /2/ to all measurement situations (in particular it is not necessary to include an input isolator). The formulas are utilized to determine the error limits on the noise figure measurement of a microwave low-noise amplifier.