Diffuse scattering from dynamic rough surfaces: gloss of fused images
T. S. Chow · Journal of Physics D Applied Physics · 2005
Based on fundamental principles, a model is presented to describe the influence of materials and fusing on the gloss and colour appearance of images formed on printed documents. The diffuse scattering of visible light from rough-image surfaces will be shown to play a dominant role in glossiness. How the rough-image surfaces are formed depends on the rheology and flow of toner particles at different elevated temperatures in a confined environment (fuser nip) for time greater than the coalescence time. A nondimensional time is emerged from the analysis as a critical scaling parameter, which is a function of interfacial energy, dynamic viscosity, dwell time, coalescence time and the correlation length of rough surfaces. The present model helps us to understand the interactions between rough substrate, toner materials and fusing time and temperature.