Analysis of harmonic distortion in electroacoustic transducers
Charles H. Sherman, John L. Butler · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1995
Nonlinear transducer equations are formulated for the six major types of electroacoustic transducers (electrostatic, variable reluctance, moving coil, piezoelectric, electrostrictive, and magnetostrictive) in a common form using the various physical and mathematical similarities among the transduction mechanisms. The common nonlinear equation is solved approximately by perturbation analysis giving simple expressions and graphs for harmonic amplitudes caused by all the frequently occurring nonlinear mechanisms. The expressions and graphs can be applied to all the transducer types by using nonlinear parameters tabulated for each type. These results can facilitate diagnosis of the cause of measured harmonics, prediction of harmonics during design, and development of electrical drives to suppress harmonics.