Applications of Tests of Non-Intellectual Functions
Charles Cecil Upshall · Review of Educational Research · 1938
THE PERIOD UNDER REVIEW has been very prolific. Approximately 1,000 studies, investigations, articles, and books have appeared on the topics covered in this chapter. Nearly 500 studies were found which used measuring instruments, for example, questionnaire type tests, self-ratings, ranking of interests, ratings of others by experts or groups, time sampling procedures, more or less controlled observation, controlled or free interviews, and association tests. Over 500 titles were found which indicated that problems of personality, character, delinquency, and personnel procedures had been discussed or evaluated. Out of this large number of references, 120 studies have been selected for special consideration in this chapter. The following criteria of selection have been applied: studies which used the best experimental technics were first selected; studies containing large populations were included rather than those with small populations when similar problems were being studied; other things being equal, those studies which made use of the most complete statistical procedures in reporting results were chosen. The number was further limited by giving preference to those studies which used well-known measuring instruments. Exceptions to this rule were made when the excellence of the study and the significance of the results seemed to justify inclusion in this review. Finally, in those fields where there were a large number of studies, those were selected which gave the truest picture of the conclusions drawn from all.