Near-Field Source Parameter Estimation Using A Spatial Wigner Distribution Approach
Arnold Lee Swindlehurst, T. Kailath · Proceedings of SPIE, the International Society for Optical Engineering/Proceedings of SPIE · 1988
An important problem in many applications is the estimation of emitter location parameters based on information received from an array of sensors. To date, the majority of techniques proposed for this problem are restricted to the special case of far-field emitters; that is, the wavefronts impinging on the array are assumed to be planar. More general methods are required, however, when sources are located close to the array (i.e., in the near-field) since the inherent curvature of the wavefront is no longer negligible. In this paper, we propose the use of high-resolution signal subspace methods in conjunction with a spatial version of the well-known Wigner-Ville distribution to solve the problem of source localization iii the near-field. Advantages of this approach are that accurate source range/DOA estimates are obtained with relatively good resolution, and without computation or search of a three-dimensional spectral surface. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by extensive simulations, and its performance relative to the Cramer-Rao bound is also presented.