On Long Lifespan systems
Yingxu Wang · 2008
Complex systems are not only characterized by their magnitudes, but also their lifespans. This paper presents a theory of Long-Lifespan systems (LLS’s) and its applications in explaining the properties of complex systems from both the function and time dimensions. The mathematical models of LLS’s such as those of the abstract systems, system magnitudes, and system lifespan, are established. Then, properties of LLS’s, particularly those of system conservation, system equilibrium, and system self-organization, are formally analyzed. The fundamental mechanisms and applications of LLS’s in economics are elaborated, followed by the description of the global warning and the greenhouse effect in order to explain the rational causality of global climate system as a typical LLS system.