Multiple Network Equilibria with Two-Way TCP Flows
Fei Ge · IEEE Communications Letters · 2014
Network optimization based on utility maximization commonly refers to one-way flows. TCP flows comprise two oppositely directed flows, the forward data packet flow and the backward oriented flow of acknowledgement messages. This letter presents a network optimization model for two-way TCP flows, and the conditions to have multiple network equilibria. The simulation results of two-way FAST TCP flows verify the existence of multiple network equilibria.