ROBUST DIGITAL WATERMARKING BASED ON PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS
Thai Duy Hien, Yen‐Wei Chen, Zensho Nakao · International Journal of Computational Intelligence and Applications · 2004
We propose a robust digital watermarking technique based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and evaluate the effectiveness of the method against some watermark attacks. In this proposed method, watermarks are embedded in the PCA domain and the method is closely related to DCT or DWT based frequency-domain watermarking. The orthogonal basis functions, however, are determined by data and they are adaptive to the data. The presented technique has been successfully evaluated and compared with DCT and DWT based watermarking methods. Experimental results show robust performance of the PCA based method against most prominent attacks.