Transitions in the computational power of thermal states for measurement-based quantum computation
S. D. Barrett, Stephen D. Bartlett, Andrew C. Doherty, David H. Jennings, Terry Rudolph · Physical Review A · 2009
We show that the usefulness of the thermal state of a specific spin-lattice model for measurement-based quantum computing exhibits a transition between two distinct ``phases''---one in which every state is a universal resource for quantum computation, and another in which any local measurement sequence can be simulated efficiently on a classical computer. Remarkably, this transition in computational power does not coincide with any phase transition, classical, or quantum in the underlying spin-lattice model.