Automatic generation of voiceless excitation in a vocal-cord/vocal-tract speech synthesizer
James L. Flanagan, K. Ishizaka · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 1975
A vocal-cord and vocal-tract model, described earlier [Proc. 8th Int. Congr. Acoust., London (1974)], synthesizes speech from physiologically based control parameters. The parameters represent subglottal (lung) pressure, vocal-cord tension, vocal-cord rest area, and vocal-tract shape. Voiced sounds are generated from these controls by a dynamic model of the vocal cords. Voiceless sounds are generated from exactly the same input parameters by automatic computation of turbulent flow at constricted places in the vocal tract. The complete model is programmed on a laboratory computer and the automatic computation of voiceless excitation is demonstrated.