Scale-Covariant Theory of Gravitation and Astrophysical Applications
Vittorio M. Canuto, S.-H. Hsieh, Peter J. Adams · Physical Review Letters · 1977
We present generalized Einstein equations, invariant under scale transformations, and study several astrophysical tests. It is assumed that the dynamics of atoms or clocks used as measuring apparatus is given a priori. Connection with gauge fields and broken symmetries is made through the cosmological constant.