A UNIQUE FACTORIZATION IN COMMUTATIVE MÖBIUS MONOIDS
Emil Daniel Schwab, Pentti Haukkanen · International Journal of Number Theory · 2008
We show that any commutative Möbius monoid satisfies a unique factorization theorem and thus possesses arithmetical properties similar to those of the multiplicative semigroup of positive integers. Particular attention is paid to standard examples, which arise from the bicyclic semigroup and the multiplicative analogue of the bicyclic semigroup. The second example shows that the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic is a special case of the unique factorization theorem in commutative Möbius monoids. As an application, we study generalized arithmetical functions defined on an arbitrary commutative Möbius monoid.