Statistical inference, distinguishability of quantum states, and quantum entanglement
Vlatko Vedral, Martin Bodo Plenio, Kurt A. Jacobs, P. L. Knight · Physical Review A · 1997
We argue from the point of view of statistical inference that the quantum relative entropy is a good measure for distinguishing between two quantum states (or two classes of quantum states) described by density matrices. We extend this notion to describe the amount of entanglement between two quantum systems from a statistical point of view. Our measure is independent of the number of entangled systems and their dimensionality.