Ternary Kloosterman sums using Stickelberger's theorem and the Gross-Koblitz formula
Faruk Göloğlu, Gary McGuire, Richard Moloney · arXiv (Cornell University) · 2010
We give results characterising ternary Kloosterman sums modulo 9 and 27. This leads to a complete characterisation of values that ternary Kloosterman sums assume modulo 18 and 54. The proofs uses Stickelberger's theorem, the Gross-Koblitz formula and Fourier analysis.