Collective intelligence
Alan J. Ramsbotham · 2009
Intelligent systems are moving from science to more widespread engineering development and deployment. The objectives of this paper are to suggest design-oriented attributes that may provide a useful basis for classifying systems of systems. The discussion extends existing concepts, such as ALFUS, to complex ad hoc systems of systems wherein the individual elements can be geographically-dispersed and highly and independently mobile, and where the functions normally considered to comprise intelligence are distributed across the system. While not fully developed, the suggested extensions frame a discussion of how knowledge is obtained and distributed in such a system. Finally, the paper addresses some of the key challenges in predicting the performance of such complex intelligent systems of systems.