Entanglement verification with realistic measurement devices via squashing operations
Tobias Moroder, Otfried Gühne, Normand J. Beaudry, Marco Piani, Norbert Lütkenhaus · Physical Review A · 2010
Many protocols and experiments in quantum information science are described in terms of simple measurements on qubits. However in a real implementation the exact description is more difficult and more complicated observables are used. The question arises whether a claim of entanglement in the simplified description still holds, if the difference between the realistic and simplified models is taken into account. We show that a positive entanglement statement remains valid if a certain positive linear map connecting the two descriptions---a so-called squashing operation---exists; then lower bounds on the amount of entanglement are also possible. We apply our results to polarization measurements of photons using only threshold detectors, and derive procedures under which multiphoton events can be neglected.