A universal technique to hide traces of histogram-based image manipulations
Mauro Barni, Marco Fontani, Benedetta Tondi · 2012
We propose a universal counter-forensic technique for concealing traces left on the image histogram by any processing tool. Under the assumption that the forensic analysis relies on first-order statistics only (which is true in many practical applications), the proposed scheme allows the attacker to conceal traces left by any processing operation, while maintaining a high fidelity between processed and "cleaned" images.