Direct numerical simulations of the recorder in two and three dimensions
Nicholas J. Giordano · The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America · 2013
Direct numerical solutions of the compressible Navier-Stokes equations have been used to study various aspects of sound production in the recorder. A custom algorithm implemented on a parallel computer has enabled us to calculate tones and produce visualizations of the air flow near the labium in both two and three dimensions. In three dimensions, we have observed how the attack portion of the tone and the spectrum at long times depends on the relative alignment of the channel and labium. We also describe subtle differences in the process of vortex shedding in two as compared to three dimensions.